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<title>Python - Web Developer Tutorials</title>
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<description>Python Tutorials at Dev Shed.  DevShed is a community focused on both beginner and advanced tutorials in Java, C, PHP, Python, MySQL and Ruby-on-rails...amongst others.</description>
<language>en-us</language>
<lastBuildDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2013 03:38:04 -0400</lastBuildDate>
<pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2013 03:38:04 -0400</pubDate>
<item><title>Python Big Data Company Gets DARPA Funding</title>
<pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 2013 13:45:57 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-Big-Data-Company-Gets-DARPA-Funding-86521/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[It looks as if the Python programming language has grown up. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) just spent $3 million to help fund a start-up company that is exploring and improving Python's capabilities in the areas of big data and analytics.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[ The recipient of the funding, Continuum Analytics, produces Anaconda, which the company describes as  a collection of premium features for Python that enables large-scale data management, analysis, and visualization for Business Intelligence, Scientific Analysis, Engineering, Machine Learning, and more.  Users can purchase Anaconda for $249, try it out free for 30 days, or download Anaconda Community Edition (CE), the completely free version of the product.  Derrick Harris, writing for GigaOm, explained that Anaconda supports NumPy and SciPy, two popular scientific Python libraries. He also n...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Python 32 Now Available</title>
<pubDate>Fri, 04 Mar 2011 10:00:05 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-32-Now-Available/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[Python 3.2 is now available for download. It represents the continued dedication to stabilize and improve the Python 3.x line. It brings some welcome improvements to the table, as well as many bug fixes.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[In order to comply with PEP 3003, the Moratorium on Language Changes, there are no changes to Python's syntax. Python 3.2 does feature some changes to built-in types, but the programming language's developers concentrated mostly on support for porting code to Python 3 and the standard library with the release. The list of improvements packed into Python 3.2 is extensive; tweaks to several of the language's built-in modules top the list. The unittest module received considerable attention from developers, as it received several improvements.  The ssl module has been changed to now support certi...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Final Alpha for Python 3.2 is Released</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 18 Nov 2010 13:06:20 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Final-Alpha-for-Python-32-is-Released/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[Python 3.2, the youngest generation of the Python programming language, has just received its fourth alpha release. The newest release is the final alpha version for Python 3.2, and is the result of the efforts by Python developers who wish to make the 3.x platform better and, in the end, more stable.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[The official release of Python 3.2 alpha 4 was realized on November 13th. In their press release, Python stated that any new features would be developed exclusively for the 3.x platform. The 2.x platform and its final 2.7 release would only receive developmental attention in the form of bug fixes.  The fourth alpha was created mostly for testing purposes, and members of the Python development team urge users to provide feedback regarding new features, ease of use, as well as any bugs that may be encountered over time. On Python's download page, there is a message urging downloaders to not use ...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Python 3.1: String Formatting</title>
<pubDate>Wed, 12 May 2010 10:00:11 -0400</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-31-String-Formatting/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this conclusion to a three-part series on Python 3.1, you'll learn how to format strings and put them together in different ways. We'll also review what we covered in the series as a whole, which includes your first Python program. This article is excerpted from the book Beginning Python: Using Python 2.6 and Python 3.1,, written by James Payne, Developer Shed Editor-in-Chief (Wrox, 2010; ISBN: 0470414634).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[If you like what you're reading here, you can find it at Wrox or purchase the entire book at Amazon.  Putting Strings Together in Different Ways  Another way to specify strings is to use a format specifier. It works by putting in a special sequence of characters that Python will interpret as a placeholder for a value that will be provided by you. This may initially seem like it's too complex to be useful, but format specifiers also enable you to control what the displayed information looks like, as well as a number of other useful tricks.   Try It Out: Using a Format Specifier to Populate a St...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Python 3.1: Strings and Quotes</title>
<pubDate>Tue, 11 May 2010 10:00:10 -0400</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-31-Strings-and-Quotes/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this second part of a three-part series that introduces you to Python, you'll learn about the importance of strings, how they work, and why Python uses three different kinds of quote marks. It is excerpted from the book Beginning Python: Using Python 2.6 and Python 3.1,, written by James Payne, Developer Shed Editor-in-Chief (Wrox, 2010; ISBN: 0470414634).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[If you like what you're reading here, you can find it at Wrox or purchase the entire book at Amazon. What is a String? A string is one of several data types that exist within the Python language. A data type, as the name implies, is a category that a particular type of data fits into. Every type of data you enter into a computer is segregated into one of these data types, whether they be numbers or letters, as is the case in this scenario. Giving data a type allows the computer to determine how to handle the data. For instance, if you want the program to show the mathematical equation 1+1 on a...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Python 3.1: Programming Basics and Strings</title>
<pubDate>Mon, 10 May 2010 10:00:10 -0400</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-31-Programming-Basics-and-Strings/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[Ready to take your first steps in Python? This three-part article series walks you through the basics, introducing important concepts such as strings. In this first part, you'll learn how programming is different from using a computer, how to install Python, and how to start using the Python shell. It is excerpted from the book Beginning Python: Using Python 2.6 and Python 3.1,, written by James Payne, Developer Shed Editor-in-Chief (Wrox, 2010; ISBN: 0470414634).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[If you like what you're reading here, you can find it at Wrox or purchase the entire book at Amazon. How Programming is Different from Using a Computer The first thing you need to understand about computers when you're programming is that you control the computer. Sometimes the computer doesn't do what you expect, but even when it doesn't do what you want the first time, it should do the same thing the second and third time - until you take charge and change the program. The trend in personal computers has been away from reliability and toward software being built on top of other, unreliable, ...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Tuples and Other Python Object Types</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2009 10:00:46 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Tuples-and-Other-Python-Object-Types/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this conclusion to a four-part article series on Python object types, we will finish our discussion of dictionaries, move on to tuples, and cover related material. This article is excerpted from chapter four of the book Learning Python, Third Edition, written by Mark Lutz (O'Reilly, 2008; ISBN: 0596513984). Copyright © 2008 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[Missing Keys: if Tests  One other note about dictionaries before we move on. Although we can assign to a new key to expand a dictionary, fetching a nonexistent key is still a mistake:     gt; gt; gt; D        gt; gt; gt; D['e'] = 99                 # Assigning new keys grows dictionaries    gt; gt; gt; D        gt; gt; gt; D['f']                      # Referencing one is an error   ...error text omitted...   KeyError: 'f'  This is what we want-it's usually a programming error to fetch something that isn't really there. But, in some generic programs, we can't always know what keys will be prese...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>The Dictionary Python Object Type</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jan 2009 10:00:46 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/The-Dictionary-Python-Object-Type/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this third part of a four-part series on Python object types, we will wrap up our discussion of lists and introduce you to some remarkable things you can do with dictionaries. This article is excerpted from chapter four of the book Learning Python, Third Edition, written by Mark Lutz (O'Reilly, 2008; ISBN: 0596513984). Copyright © 2008 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[List Comprehensions  In addition to sequence operations and list methods, Python includes a more advanced operation known as a list comprehension expression, which turns out to be a powerful way to process structures like our matrix. Suppose, for instance, that we need to extract the second column of our sample matrix. It's easy to grab rows by simple indexing because the matrix is stored by rows, but it's almost as easy to get a column with a list comprehension:     gt; gt; gt; col2 = [row[1] for row in M]     # Collect the items in column 2    gt; gt; gt; col2   [2, 5, 8]    gt; gt; gt; M   ...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>String and List Python Object Types</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2009 10:00:47 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/String-and-List-Python-Object-Types/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[Last week, we introduced you to the different Python object types, starting with numbers. This week, we'll cover strings and begin our discussion of lists. This article, the second in a four-part series, is excerpted from chapter four of the book Learning Python, Third Edition, written by Mark Lutz (O'Reilly, 2008; ISBN: 0596513984). Copyright © 2008 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[Strings  Strings are used to record textual information as well as arbitrary collections of bytes. They are our first example of what we call a sequence in Python-that is, a positionally ordered collection of other objects. Sequences maintain a left-to-right order among the items they contain: their items are stored and fetched by their relative position. Strictly speaking, strings are sequences of one-character strings; other types of sequences include lists and tuples (covered later).  Sequence Operations  As sequences, strings support operations that assume a positional ordering among items...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Introducing Python Object Types</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2009 10:00:46 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Introducing-Python-Object-Types/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[If you want to add Python to your repertoire of computer languages, you'll find it helpful to check out this four-part series on object types. It is excerpted from chapter four of the book Learning Python, Third Edition, written by Mark Lutz (O'Reilly, 2008; ISBN: 0596513984). Copyright © 2008 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[This chapter begins our tour of the Python language. In an informal sense, in Python, we do things with stuff.  Things  take the form of operations like addition and concatenation, and  stuff  refers to the objects on which we perform those operations. In this part of the book, our focus is on that stuff, and the things our programs can do with it.  Somewhat more formally, in Python, data takes the form of objects-either built-in objects that Python provides, or objects we create using Python or external language tools such as C extension libraries. Although we'll firm up this definition later...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Mobile Programming using PyS60: Advanced UI Controls</title>
<pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2008 10:00:45 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Mobile-Programming-using-PyS60-Advanced-UI-Controls/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In an earlier article I wrote, the topic of discussion covered the basic UI controls that PyS60 provides. These controls are useful when the solution to be developed is simple in terms of interaction. However, if a scenario presents itself where interaction becomes complex, then the basic controls would not suffice. Keep reading to learn about the advanced controls you'll need to deal with these kinds of issues.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[For complex interactions, advanced controls need to be used that can abstract out the complexities of the interaction to the user and provide a simple and consistent interface for the developer to work with. PyS60 has many such controls that a developer can use.  In this discussion, the focus will be on three of the most commonly used controls: selection list, multi-selection list and text. The first section will focus on the whys and wherefores of these controls. In the last section, the application developed in the previous part will be enhanced using the controls being discussed in this sec...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Nested Functions in Python</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 06 Nov 2008 10:00:46 -0500</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Nested-Functions-in-Python/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this final part of a nine-part series that focuses on Python, you will learn about namespaces, nested functions, and more.  It is excerpted from chapter four of the book Python in a Nutshell, Second Edition, written by Alex Martelli (O'Reilly; ISBN: 0596100469).   Copyright © 2007 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[Namespaces  A function's parameters, plus any variables that are bound (by assignment or by other binding statements, such as def) in the function body, make up the function's local namespace, also known as local scope. Each of these variables is known as a local variable of the function.  Variables that are not local are known as global variables (in the absence of nested function definitions, which we'll discuss shortly). Global variables are attributes of the module object, as covered in  quot;Attributes of module objects quot; on page 140. Whenever a function's local variable has the same ...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Python Parameters, Functions and Arguments</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2008 10:00:46 -0400</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-Parameters-Functions-and-Arguments/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this eighth part of a nine-part series on the Python programming language, we focus strongly on two aspects of functions: parameters and arguments. This article is excerpted from chapter four of the book Python in a Nutshell, Second Edition, written by Alex Martelli (O'Reilly; ISBN: 0596100469). Copyright © 2007 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[Parameters  Formal parameters that are just identifiers indicate mandatory parameters. Each call to the function must supply a corresponding value (argument) for each mandatory parameter.  In the comma-separated list of parameters, zero or more mandatory parameters may be followed by zero or more optional parameters, where each optional parameter has the syntax:    identifier=expression  The def statement evaluates each such expression and saves a reference to the expression's value, known as the default value for the parameter, among the attributes of the function object. When a function call...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Python Statements and Functions</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2008 10:00:46 -0400</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-Statements-and-Functions/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this seventh part of a nine-part series on the Python language, we continue our discussion of statements and move on to functions. This article is excerpted from chapter four of the book Python in a Nutshell, Second Edition, written by Alex Martelli (O'Reilly; ISBN: 0596100469). Copyright © 2007 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[List comprehensions  A common use of a for loop is to inspect each item in an iterable and build a new list by appending the results of an expression computed on some or all of the items. The expression form known as a list comprehension lets you code this common idiom concisely and directly. Since a list comprehension is an expression (rather than a block of statements), you can use it wherever you need an expression (e.g., as an argument in a function call, in a return statement, or as a subexpression for some other expression).  A list comprehension has the following syntax:    [ expression...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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<item><title>Statements and Iterators in Python</title>
<pubDate>Thu, 16 Oct 2008 10:00:46 -0400</pubDate>
<link>http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Statements-and-Iterators-in-Python/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[In this sixth part of a nine-part series on the Python language, you will learn about the print statement, control flow statements, and more. It is excerpted from chapter four of the book Python in a Nutshell, Second Edition, written by Alex Martelli (O'Reilly; ISBN: 0596100469). Copyright © 2007 O'Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission from the publisher. Available from booksellers or direct from O'Reilly Media.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[The print Statement  A print statement is denoted by the keyword print followed by zero or more expressions separated by commas. print is a handy, simple way to output values in text form, mostly for debugging purposes. print outputs each expression x  as a string that's just like the result of calling str(x) (covered in str on page 157). print implicitly outputs a space between expressions, and implicitly outputs \n after the last expression, unless the last expression is followed by a trailing comma (,). Here are some examples of print statements:    letter = 'c'   print  quot;give me a quot...]]></content:encoded>
<category>Python</category>
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