Working with Multiple Template Files to Separate Logic from Presentation - Parsing multiple template files: redefining the “TemplateProcessor” class
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Before I list the corresponding source code of the improved “TemplateProcessor” class, let me first explain in a few words how it will work. Since this class must use all the template files previously defined, it will take up an additional array (aside from the array of input tags), which will contain the shortened name of the template file for being parsed, along with its cache expiration time, expressed in seconds.
If this explanation doesn’t ring any bells to you, don’t worry for the moment. When I set up a practical example, you’ll understand how this array will be used by the template processor.
Now, after a short introduction, please take a look at the signature of the modified “TemplateProcessor” class:
class TemplateProcessor{
// declare data members
private $output;
private $rowTag='p';
private $tags;
private $templateFile;
private $cacheFile;
private $expiry;
public function __construct($tags=array(),$pageSections=array
()){
if(count($tags)<1||count($pageSections)<1){
throw new Exception('Invalid number of parameters for
template processor');
}
foreach($pageSections as $key=>$expiry){
// define template files
$this->templateFile[$key]=$key.'_template.htm';
// define cache files
$this->cacheFile[$key]=md5($key).'.txt';
// assign cache expiration values
$this->expiry[$key]=$expiry;
// assign tags for replacement
$this->tags[$key]=$tags[$key];
// initialize page outputs
$this->output[$key]='';
}
foreach($this->cacheFile as $key=>$cacheFile){
// check if cache files are valid
if($this->isCacheValid($key)){
// read data from cache files
$this->output[$key]=$this->readCache($key);
}
else{
// read template files
$this->output[$key]=file_get_contents($this-
>templateFile[$key]);
// process template files
$this->processTemplate($tags[$key],$key);
// clean up empty tags
$this->output[$key]=preg_replace("/{w}
|}/",'',$this->output[$key]);
// write crunched data to cache files
$this->writeCache($key);
}
}
}
// check validity of cache files
private function isCacheValid($key){
// determine if cache file is valid or not
if(file_exists($this->cacheFile[$key])&&filemtime($this-
>cacheFile[$key])>(time()-$this->expiry[$key])){
return true;
}
return false;
}
// process template file
private function processTemplate($tags,$key){
foreach($tags as $tag=>$data){
// if data is array, traverse recursive array of tags
if(is_array($data)){
$this->output[$key]=preg_replace("/
{$tag/",'',$this->output[$key]);
$this->processTemplate($data,$key);
}
// if data is a file, fetch processed file
elseif(file_exists($data)){
$data=$this->processFile($data);
}
// if data is a MySQL result set, obtain a formatted
list of database rows
elseif(@get_resource_type($data)=='mysql result'){
$rows='';
while($row=mysql_fetch_row($data)){
$cols='';
foreach($row as $col){
$cols.=' '.$col.' ';
}
$rows.='<'.$this-
>rowTag.'>'.$cols.'</'.$this->rowTag.'>';
}
$data=$rows;
}
// if data contains the '[code]' elimiter, parse data
as PHP code
elseif(substr($data,0,6)=='[code]'){
$data=eval(substr($data,6));
}
$this->output[$key]=str_replace('{'.$tag.'}',$data,$this->output[$key]);
}
}
// process input file
private function processFile($file){
ob_start();
include($file);
$contents=ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
return $contents;
}
// write compressed data to cache file
private function writeCache($key){
if(!$fp=fopen($this->cacheFile[$key],'w')){
throw new Exception('Error writing data to cache
file');
}
fwrite($fp,$this->getCrunchedHTML($key));
fclose($fp);
}
// read compressed data from cache file
private function readCache($key){
if(!$cacheContents=file_get_contents($this->cacheFile
[$key])){
throw new Exception('Error reading data from cache
file');
}
return $cacheContents;
}
// return overall output
public function getHTML(){
$html='';
foreach($this->output as $output){
$html.=$output;
}
return $html;
}
// return crunched output
private function getCrunchedHTML($key){
// crunch (X)HTML content & compress it with gzip
$this->output[$key]=preg_replace("/(rn|n)/","",$this-
>output[$key]);
// return compressed (X)HTML content
return $this->output[$key];
}
}
As shown above, now the “TemplateProcessor” class looks a little more complex and intimidating, but essentially it implements the same logic that you learned in the previous articles. Since now the class must deal with multiple template and cache files, most of its properties have been redefined as arrays, a fact that you’ll clearly see if you analyze the signature of the constructor.
Notice how this method uses a “foreach” loop, in order to create the arrays corresponding to the cache and template files, the respective cache expiration times, and the parsed output of each section of the web page. Also, following the same approach, the method checks out, in sequence, the validity of each cache file and determines whether the template file in question should be parsed and saved later on, or the parsed contents should be directly fetched from the cache file.
In general terms, you can see that all the subsequent methods of the class use the same approach in working with different cache and template files, and most of them utilize array keys to handle each element in question. Therefore, if you already read the previous articles of the series, you shouldn’t have any problems understanding how the template processor works.
Well, before I proceed to coding a hands-on example, I’d like to point out one last thing: notice the way I redefined the private “getCrunchedHTML()” method, instead of compressing the parsed template files and saving them to cache. I deliberately defined the method like this, because I wanted to make the class flexible enough to include the data compression method that you most prefer. In this case, I decided only to remove new line characters from the parsed template files, but you can change this and use another technique for compressing data.
At this point, after explaining how the “TemplateProcessor” class implements chunked caching on multiple template files, it’s a good time to demonstrate its useful capabilities. Therefore, go ahead and read the next section, in order to see the template processor in action. It’s really worth it, trust me.
Next: Putting the “TemplateProcessor” class to work: setting up a concrete example >>
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