In addition to functions that allow you to obtain information on file sizes, permissions and modification times, PHP also offers a number of functions designed to manipulate file and path names, and split a file path into its constituent components. The two most commonly-used ones here are the basename() function, which returns the filename component of a path, and the dirname() function, which returns the directory name component of a path The following example demonstrates the basename() and dirname() components in action, by splitting a file path into its constituents:
Here's the output:
You can also use the pathinfo() function to obtain this information - this function returns an associative array containing keys for directory name, file name and file extension. Take a look at this next script, which returns this information for the directory holding the currently executing script.
Here's the output:
Finally, you can use the realpath() function to translate relative paths into absolute ones, as below:
You can obtain the script's current working directory by combining the
or with the alternative getcwd() function, as below,
or even through creative use of the realpath() function, as below:
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