Understanding The JavaScript Event Model (part 2) - Back To Basics (Page 2 of 10 )
First up, a quick recap. The JavaScript event model provides a way for a user to interact with JavaScript. It consists of two basic components, events and event handlers.
An event may be defined, very simply, as an action performed on a Web page - for example, clicking a button, moving the mouse pointer over a hyperlink and so on.
An event handler, as the name suggests, handles an event - it defines the action to be taken by a script when a particular event (or type of event) occurs. Event handlers exist for most of the common events that are generated on a Web page, including mouse movement, mouse clicks, keyboard activity and page loads.
Here's a quick example that might make this theory a little clearer:
<body onLoad="thisFunction()">
...
</body>
If you were to translate the line of code above into English, it would read, "invoke the JavaScript function thisFunction() when the page loads". The event handler in this case is the onLoad handler, which can be used to perform specific actions when a Web page loads into the browser.
JavaScript comes with a whole bunch of event handlers - here's a brief list:
onClick - invoked when the user clicks the specified object
onMouseOver - invoked when the user passes the mouse over the target object
onMouseOut - invoked when the mouse pointer leaves the target object
onSubmit - invoked when the user clicks the Submit button in a form
onChange - invoked when the user changes the contents of a text field
onSelect - invoked when the user selects the contents of a text field
onReset - invoked when the user clicks the Reset button in a form
onLoad - invoked when the target image or document is loaded
onUnload - invoked when the target image or document is unloaded
Whenever an event takes place, JavaScript creates an Event object. This Event object, like all objects, possesses certain properties, which provide additional information about the event generated. So, for example, if you hit a key on your keyboard, JavaScript would create an Event object containing information on the key pressed, the ASCII code, and any additional keys that were pressed in combination with it. Or, if you clicked a mouse button, JavaScript would spawn an Event object containing information on which button was clicked, and where the mouse pointer was at the moment of click.
With all this information at your disposal, it's fairly easy to write client-side scripts that take advantage of it to do new and cool things on your Web page. I'll be showing you a few shortly - but first, take a look at a brief sampling of the properties that a typical Event object exposes:
Property Description (compatibility)
-------------------------------------------------
type returns a string value indicating the event type
x returns the horizontal position of the cursor
relative
to the object
y returns the vertical position of the cursor relative
to
the object
height returns the height of the object (NN)
width returns the width of the object (NN)
modifiers returns the details of any modifier keys that were
held
down during a key or mouse event
which returns integer value indicating which mouse button
or
key was pressed (NN)
keyCode returns Unicode value of the key pressed (IE)
button returns integer value of the mouse button pressed
(IE)
Intrigued? Let's do something useful, then.
Next: How's The Weather Up There? >>
More JavaScript Articles
More By Team Melonfire, (c) Melonfire
